Postpartum Haemorrhage (PPH): Awareness and Action

Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) is a serious complication that can occur after childbirth. It is defined as excessive bleeding from the vagina after the baby and placenta have been delivered. During pregnancy uterine blood flow increases throughout gestation from about 100 ml min−1 before pregnancy to 700 ml min−1 at term, representing approximately 10% of the total cardiac output,13 increasing the risk of massive bleeding after delivery.   Postpartum haemorrhage is a significant contributor of maternal morbidity and mortality. PPH can be life-threatening if not treated promptly.

Symptoms of PPH

The Symptoms of PPH can include:

1. Heavy bleeding from the vagina
2. Passing large clots
3. Feeling faint or lightheaded
4. Rapid heart rate
5. Pale skin
6. Cold and clammy skin
7. Feeling of fullness or pressure in the vagina
8. Feeling of something falling out of the vagina

Risk factors for PPH

There are several risk factors for PPH, including:

1. Previous PPH
2. Uterine atony (a weakened uterus that cannot contract properly)
3. Retained placenta (a placenta that does not completely detach from the uterine wall)
4. Large baby
5. Multiple births
6. Cesarean delivery
7. Preeclampsia
8. Placental abruption (a premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall)
9. Chorioamnionitis (an inflammation of the amniotic sac and membranes surrounding the foetus)

Treatment for PPH

Treatment for PPH depends on the severity of the bleeding. Treatment may include:

1. Uterine massage
2. Oxytocin (a medication that causes the uterus to contract)
3. Misoprostol (a medication that can help expel retained placental fragments)
4. Blood transfusion
5. Surgery (in severe cases)

Prevention of PPH

There are several things that can be done to prevent PPH, including:

1. Receiving prenatal care
2. Having a birth plan that includes strategies for preventing PPH
3. Having a skilled healthcare provider attend the birth
4. Breastfeeding (breastfeeding can help to contract the uterus)

If you are experiencing symptoms of PPH, it is important to seek medical attention immediately. Early diagnosis and treatment can save your life.